Water is the foundation of life. Therefore, it is not surprising that most of the ancient civilizations in the world originated in the basins of large rivers, such as the Egyptian Civilization, Mesopotamian Civilization, Yellow River Civilization, and Indian Civilization. 

Egyptian Civilization 

Ancient Egypt was a civilization located in Northeast Africa, gathered along the lower reaches of the Nile River (in the region of present Egypt). Along with the socio-economic development, Egyptian civilization had many remarkable achievements such as writing, literature, architecture, and natural science knowledge. 

Mesopotamian Civilization 

Mesopotamian civilization was located in the basins of two large rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates, with flourishing agriculture thanks to the delta created by the fertile alluvium of the two rivers. This civilization had typical achievements such as writing, architecture, mathematics, astronomy… 

Yellow River Civilization 

With a length of 5,464 km, the Yellow River is the 6th longest river in the world. This river provides irrigation water for an area of 944,970 square kilometers. The Yellow River civilization was an ancient Chinese civilization that flourished in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. 

Indian Civilization 

With an area many times larger than the combination of Egypt and Mesopotamia, the Indian river basin civilization was imbued with ideas and art forms that were later considered to be the typical identity of India. Following the course of history, the Indian civilization had several achievements in art, economy, agriculture with high output, natural science… 

Source: Water Resources Conservation Kit – Applied to Middle Schools